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- BUSINESS, Page 59Business NotesCOMPUTERSEnd of the Blue Monolith
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- At IBM, breaking up is hard to do. The world's largest
- computer maker has restructured itself several times in the past
- five years in an attempt to operate more efficiently. Last week
- the company went much further, announcing the most radical changes
- in its 78-year history. Virtually all divisions in IBM, ranging
- from those that manufacture mainframe computers to those that
- produce small PCs, will be spun off into decentralized units and
- given an unprecedented amount of autonomy. Each of these
- subsidiary like divisions will be free to develop its own
- marketing strategies, determine salaries and report profits and
- losses to the public. Some may even be sold to investors and
- become public companies, with IBM maintaining a minority
- interest. The goal, says chairman John Akers, is to unshackle
- IBM from its stifling bureaucracy and enable its separate
- divisions to compete more nimbly against an increasingly diverse
- group of rivals. To help reduce operating costs, IBM announced
- it will spend some $3 billion to eliminate 20,000 of its 353,000
- jobs worldwide in 1992, following a similar cut this year.
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